{"id":35723,"date":"2021-09-30T13:00:18","date_gmt":"2021-09-30T13:00:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/toposuranos.com\/material\/?p=35723"},"modified":"2025-12-29T03:22:16","modified_gmt":"2025-12-29T03:22:16","slug":"%e7%94%b5%e9%80%9a%e9%87%8f%e4%b8%8e%e9%ab%98%e6%96%af%e5%ae%9a%e5%be%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/toposuranos.com\/material\/zh\/%e7%94%b5%e9%80%9a%e9%87%8f%e4%b8%8e%e9%ab%98%e6%96%af%e5%ae%9a%e5%be%8b\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7535\u901a\u91cf\u4e0e\u9ad8\u65af\u5b9a\u5f8b"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>\np, ul, ol{\ntext-align: justify;\n}\nh1{\ntext-align:center;\ntext-transform: uppercase;\n}\nh2{\ntext-align:center;\ntext-transform: uppercase;\nfont-size:24pt;\n}\nh3 { \n    text-align: center;\n    text-transform: uppercase;\n    font-size: 24px !important;\n}\n<\/style>\n<h1>\u7535\u901a\u91cf\u4e0e\u9ad8\u65af\u5b9a\u5f8b<\/h1>\n<p>\n\u5728\u9759\u7535\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f53\u7535\u8377\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u51e0\u4f55\u5f62\u72b6\u5e76\u4e0d\u7b80\u5355\u65f6\uff0c\u4ece\u201c\u96f6\u5f00\u59cb\u201d\u8ba1\u7b97\u7535\u573a\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u4ee3\u4ef7\u9ad8\u6602\u3002\u7535\u901a\u91cf\u4e0e\u9ad8\u65af\u5b9a\u5f8b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u6761\u66f4\u4e3a\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u9014\u5f84\uff1a\u4e0e\u5176\u7ea0\u7f20\u4e8e\u65e0\u4f11\u6b62\u7684\u79ef\u5206\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u9002\u7684\u95ed\u5408\u66f2\u9762\uff0c\u5e76\u5229\u7528\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u6765\u83b7\u5f97\u7b80\u6d01\u4e14\u53ef\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6b65\u9aa4\u66f4\u5c11\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u66f4\u5c11\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5bf9\u6240\u505a\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u638c\u63a7\u66f4\u5f3a\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u4ece\u201c\u6211\u77e5\u9053\u64cd\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\u201d\u8fdb\u9636\u5230\u201c\u6211\u7406\u89e3\u65b9\u6cd5\u672c\u8eab\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u4f60\u5c06\u770b\u5230\u9ad8\u65af\u5982\u4f55\u628a\u770b\u4f3c\u7e41\u91cd\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u89e3\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u771f\u6b63\u503c\u5f97\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e00\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><b>\u5b66\u4e60\u76ee\u6807<\/b><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u89e3\u91ca<\/strong> \u9ad8\u65af\u5b9a\u5f8b\u5728\u7535\u573a\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8fd0\u7528<\/strong> \u9ad8\u65af\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u7b1b\u5361\u5c14\u5750\u6807\u3001\u67f1\u5750\u6807\u4e0e\u7403\u5750\u6807\u4e2d\u7684\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u7535\u573a\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5173\u8054<\/strong> \u79ef\u5206\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0e\u5fae\u5206\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6563\u5ea6\u5b9a\u7406\u8bc6\u522b\u5404\u4e2a\u9879\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u7269\u7406\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/strong> \u9ad8\u65af\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0e\u901a\u8fc7\u5e93\u4ed1\u79ef\u5206\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u5176\u5728\u4f55\u65f6\u80fd\u591f\u964d\u4f4e\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u4f55\u65f6\u65e0\u6cd5\u7ed9\u51fa\u5c01\u95ed\u89e3\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><b><u>\u5185\u5bb9\u7d22\u5f15<\/u>:<\/b><br \/>\n<a href=\"#1\">\u9759\u7535\u5b66\u7684\u6c42\u89e3\u65b9\u6cd5<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#2\">\u7535\u573a\u7ebf<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#3\">\u5173\u4e8e\u7535\u573a\u7ebf\u5bc6\u5ea6\u53ca\u5176\u8868\u793a\u7684\u8bf4\u660e<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#4\">\u7535\u573a\u901a\u91cf<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#5\">\u9ad8\u65af\u5b9a\u5f8b<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#6\">\u5177\u6709\u7403\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u7684\u9898\u76ee<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#7\">\u66f4\u591a\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#8\">\u5177\u6709\u67f1\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u548c\u5e73\u9762\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u7684\u9898\u76ee<\/a>\n<\/p>\n<p><center><iframe class=\"lazyload\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/b96XremJiKQ\" title=\"YouTube video player\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/center><br \/>\n<a name=\"1\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>\u9759\u7535\u5b66\u7684\u6c42\u89e3<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=b96XremJiKQ&amp;t=128s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u6839\u636e\u76ee\u524d\u6240\u56de\u987e\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230<\/span><\/strong><\/a>\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u4e86\u89e3\u7535\u573a\u5fae\u5143\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u603b\u7535\u573a\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f53\u79ef\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\displaystyle \\vec{E}(\\vec{r}) = \\int_V d\\vec{E}(\\vec{r})= \\int_V \\frac{\\rho(\\vec{r}^\\prime)}{4\\pi\\epsilon_0}\\frac{\\vec{r}-\\vec{r}^\\prime}{\\|\\vec{r}-\\vec{r}^\\prime\\|^3}dV<\/span>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\rho(\\vec{r}^\\prime)<\/span><\/span> \u662f\u4f53\u7535\u8377\u5bc6\u5ea6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u8868\u9762\u7535\u8377\u5bc6\u5ea6\u6216\u7ebf\u7535\u8377\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff0c\u5219\u5206\u522b\u7528 <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\sigma<\/span> \u6216 <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\lambda<\/span> \u66ff\u6362 <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\rho<\/span>\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u6c42\u5f97\u7535\u573a\u7684\u5173\u952e\uff0c\u5728\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u6c42\u89e3\u8be5\u79ef\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c3d\u7ba1\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\u901a\u5e38\u8f83\u4e3a\u76f4\u63a5\uff0c\u4f46\u8fdf\u65e9\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5bf9\u8be5\u79ef\u5206\u7684\u6c42\u503c\u5e76\u975e\u603b\u662f\u5bb9\u6613\u7684\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u9759\u7535\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5f88\u5927\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u53d1\u5c55\u5404\u79cd\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u5730\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fc7\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\u7684\u79ef\u5206\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7b80\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u6e90\u81ea\u5411\u91cf\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u6563\u5ea6\u7684\u8fd0\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"2\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>\u7535\u573a\u7ebf<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=b96XremJiKQ&amp;t=235s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u5728\u5f15\u5165\u5411\u91cf\u5206\u6790<\/span><\/strong><\/a>\u5230\u9759\u7535\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4f7f\u8be5\u4e3b\u9898\u66f4\u52a0\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\u6307\u7684\u662f<strong>\u7535\u573a\u7ebf<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u5f00\u59cb\uff1a\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5750\u6807\u539f\u70b9\u7684\u4e00\u70b9\u7535\u8377\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u7535\u573a\uff0c\u5176\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\displaystyle \\vec{E}(\\vec{r}) = \\frac{1}{4\\pi\\epsilon_0}\\frac{q}{\\|\\vec{r}\\|^2}\\hat{r}<\/span>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u5c06\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u7535\u573a\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\u4e00\u7ec4\u201c\u7bad\u5934\u201d\uff0c\u5176\u65b9\u5411\u548c\u5927\u5c0f\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u7535\u573a\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u70b9\u5904\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u4e0e\u5f3a\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<p><center><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/a\/AVvXsEhlkOkwoYFrKYwfidmawFFb60AlBumv8u2irJnN87xYJnTfY7h2U1HL3Hzfh7kQZHhyctM7r70IfEXZkh0faUjZrGr3H_h6xrjeED-GqV39v_t2OzPD0zD9sjlm9t_twIEuaJcte9qhEGIKH3Bzn7a_AZ1rCh53DFunFLiXm09JalAMYQNAjKjv3oOosA\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" alt=\"Campo el\u00e9ctrico de una carga puntual en forma de vectores\" class=\"alignnone size-full lazyload\" \/><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/a\/AVvXsEhlkOkwoYFrKYwfidmawFFb60AlBumv8u2irJnN87xYJnTfY7h2U1HL3Hzfh7kQZHhyctM7r70IfEXZkh0faUjZrGr3H_h6xrjeED-GqV39v_t2OzPD0zD9sjlm9t_twIEuaJcte9qhEGIKH3Bzn7a_AZ1rCh53DFunFLiXm09JalAMYQNAjKjv3oOosA\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" alt=\"Campo el\u00e9ctrico de una carga puntual en forma de vectores\" class=\"alignnone size-full lazyload\" \/><\/noscript><\/center><\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u7535\u573a\u5f3a\u5ea6\u968f\u5230\u539f\u70b9\u8ddd\u79bb\u7684\u5e73\u65b9\u800c\u8870\u51cf\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u9010\u6e10\u8fdc\u79bb\uff0c\u5411\u91cf\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5c0f\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u6cbf\u5f84\u5411\u4ece\u7535\u8377\u5411\u5916\u6307\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u6709\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u4fe1\u606f\u91cf\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u5c06\u201c\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u7bad\u5934\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\u201d\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531\u7ebf\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u573a\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u7535\u573a\u5f3a\u5ea6\u7684\u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u7bad\u5934\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u56fe\u4e2d\u201c\u7535\u573a\u7ebf\u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><center><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/a\/AVvXsEgebGCEuU6Akvc8M-p8m0FjK-a1AGtq4H7A2fAuy1r6M08uAnWQRYJfHIRtcRAvGt3CQZHCI7EwCHv3os55aZpef1KDTHFDiS2Sf8nvyXH_ctiildMSeSK-suC7al5kbGmFReywKsEJh1GVsHDtTqRShAyiJZFQER2fKav4wOcn9z8q7zjmjk3T07UHTQ\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" class=\"alignnone size-full lazyload\" \/><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/a\/AVvXsEgebGCEuU6Akvc8M-p8m0FjK-a1AGtq4H7A2fAuy1r6M08uAnWQRYJfHIRtcRAvGt3CQZHCI7EwCHv3os55aZpef1KDTHFDiS2Sf8nvyXH_ctiildMSeSK-suC7al5kbGmFReywKsEJh1GVsHDtTqRShAyiJZFQER2fKav4wOcn9z8q7zjmjk3T07UHTQ\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" class=\"alignnone size-full lazyload\" \/><\/noscript><\/center><br \/>\n<a name=\"3\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>\u5173\u4e8e\u7535\u573a\u7ebf\u5bc6\u5ea6\u53ca\u5176\u8868\u793a\u7684\u8bf4\u660e<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u7ee7\u7eed\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u4e00\u4e0b\u7535\u573a\u7ebf\u56fe\u793a\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec6\u8282\u3002\u5f53\u5728\u5e73\u9762\uff082D\uff09\u4e0a\u7ed8\u5236\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u5f0f\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u5fe0\u5b9e\u3002\u5728\u4e8c\u7ef4\u56fe\u50cf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u8003\u8651\u4e00\u4e2a\u534a\u5f84\u4e3a <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">r<\/span> \u7684\u5706\uff0c\u5219\u603b\u7684\u7ebf\u6761\u6570\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u5706\u5468\u4e0a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5176\u7ebf\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4e3a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\displaystyle \\frac{n}{2\\pi r}<\/span>\n<p>\u8be5\u91cf\u968f <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">r<\/span> \u8870\u51cf\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u968f <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">r^2<\/span><\/span> \u8870\u51cf\uff0c\u800c\u7535\u573a\u5f3a\u5ea6\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u5e94\u5f53\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be5\u6a21\u578b\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e09\u7ef4\u60c5\u5f62\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u523a\u732c\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u603b\u7684\u7ebf\u6761\u6570\u5c06\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7403\u7684\u8868\u9762\u79ef\u4e0a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\displaystyle \\frac{n}{4\\pi r^2}<\/span>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\u4fbf\u786e\u5b9e\u968f <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">r^2<\/span><\/span> \u8870\u51cf\u3002\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u7535\u573a\u7ebf\u7684\u8868\u793a\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u5728\u4e8c\u7ef4\u4e2d\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u6240\u8981\u6982\u62ec\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e09\u7ef4\u60c5\u5f62\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u4e09\u7ef4\u7684\u7eb8\u5f20\u6765\u7ed8\u5236\u5b83\uff1a\u56e0\u6b64\u7528\u4e8c\u7ef4\u56fe\u50cf\u6765\u8868\u793a\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u5728\u4e09\u7ef4\u4e2d\u4f20\u8fbe\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"4\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>\u7535\u573a\u901a\u91cf<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=b96XremJiKQ&amp;t=665s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8be2\u95ee<\/span><\/strong><\/a> \u7a7f\u8fc7\u67d0\u4e00\u7ed9\u5b9a\u8868\u9762\u7684\u7535\u573a\u7ebf\u6570\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u7b54\u6848\u7531\u8be5\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u7535\u573a\u901a\u91cf\u7ed9\u51fa\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u7535\u573a <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\vec{E}<\/span><\/span> \u901a\u8fc7\u8868\u9762 <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">S<\/span> \u7684\u7535\u901a\u91cf\u4e3a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\Phi_{\\vec{E},S} =\\displaystyle \\int_S \\vec{E}\\cdot d\\vec{S}<\/span>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u5e94\u88ab\u201c\u7a7f\u8fc7\u67d0\u4e00\u8868\u9762\u7684\u7535\u573a\u7ebf\u6570\u91cf\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u76f4\u89c2\u6982\u5ff5\u6240\u8bef\u5bfc\u3002\u9700\u8981\u8bb0\u4f4f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ebf\u6761\u6570\u91cf\uff08\u6216\u7ebf\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff09\u53ea\u662f\u7528\u6765\u8868\u793a\u7535\u573a\u5f3a\u5ea6\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u7535\u901a\u91cf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u91cf\u91cf\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0e\u7a7f\u8fc7\u8868\u9762 <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">S<\/span> \u7684\u7535\u573a\u5f3a\u5ea6\u76f8\u5173\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"5\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>\u9ad8\u65af\u5b9a\u5f8b<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=b96XremJiKQ&amp;t=758s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u7531\u4e8e\u7535\u573a\u5f3a\u5ea6<\/span><\/strong><\/a> \u4e0e\u7535\u8377\u91cf\u6210\u6b63\u6bd4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u5f53\u80fd\u591f\u5c06\u5305\u56f4\u4e00\u5b9a\u7535\u8377\u7684\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u7535\u901a\u91cf\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\u4e0e\u6240\u5305\u56f4\u7535\u8377\u6210\u6b63\u6bd4\u7684\u91cf\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e0d\u96be\u8bc1\u660e\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002\u8003\u8651\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><center><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/a\/AVvXsEgGcCL8WVnhwXmxDkhsW5W31AyJiEsJDsVZZDNm1kQ-MREYYaaBvYb7CBkGSCkfPgiNbDGFP-R4LHr_9pH6ijy0Ji7m1VgzO2pjJwjFDOqAd61VGMJfb4CDfmGyn9uacon7VcpXlB9cd7ZltDUEc3fhDQ86PuKqQb7kN-JuNgGxInlRKiyY91nU2zHfIg\" width=\"500\" height=\"400\" alt=\"Flujo el\u00e9ctrico en una superficie cerrada\" class=\"alignnone size-full lazyload\" \/><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/a\/AVvXsEgGcCL8WVnhwXmxDkhsW5W31AyJiEsJDsVZZDNm1kQ-MREYYaaBvYb7CBkGSCkfPgiNbDGFP-R4LHr_9pH6ijy0Ji7m1VgzO2pjJwjFDOqAd61VGMJfb4CDfmGyn9uacon7VcpXlB9cd7ZltDUEc3fhDQ86PuKqQb7kN-JuNgGxInlRKiyY91nU2zHfIg\" width=\"500\" height=\"400\" alt=\"Flujo el\u00e9ctrico en una superficie cerrada\" class=\"alignnone size-full lazyload\" \/><\/noscript><\/center><\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\uff1a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\n\\begin{array}{rl}\n\n\\displaystyle \\oint_S \\vec{E}\\cdot d\\vec{S} &amp;= \\displaystyle \\oint_S \\left(\\frac{1}{4\\pi\\epsilon_0} \\frac{q_{enc}}{\\|\\vec{r}\\|^2}\\hat{r} \\right)\\cdot d\\vec{S} \\\\ \\\\\n\n&amp; = \\displaystyle \\frac{q_{enc}}{4\\pi\\epsilon_0} \\oint_S \\frac{\\hat{r}}{\\|\\vec{r}\\|^2}\\cdot d\\vec{S} \\\\ \\\\\n\n&amp; = \\displaystyle \\frac{q_{enc}}{4\\pi\\epsilon_0} \\underbrace{\\oint_S d{\\Omega}}_{= 4\\pi} = \\frac{q_{enc}}{\\epsilon_0}\n\n\\end{array}\n\n<\/span>\n<p><center><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/a\/AVvXsEjLQhqvLJZMuQHfXHj_WYfbajP9PYwVdNgs4eVflg_jQAJSFu5czNfBgMBTWOWXCE5Tx3-DYwrs8eNpOuJoflvQYbUwpl3BG4BaZxJdnJirqRPsbZM00TfnzyGQvuAimfenB3GUYnEJdZDh2xiXWX5ftu0bN-UYH3G4rydnrnBqEpKDNnNXgdpi5EP81w\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" class=\"alignnone size-full lazyload\" \/><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/a\/AVvXsEjLQhqvLJZMuQHfXHj_WYfbajP9PYwVdNgs4eVflg_jQAJSFu5czNfBgMBTWOWXCE5Tx3-DYwrs8eNpOuJoflvQYbUwpl3BG4BaZxJdnJirqRPsbZM00TfnzyGQvuAimfenB3GUYnEJdZDh2xiXWX5ftu0bN-UYH3G4rydnrnBqEpKDNnNXgdpi5EP81w\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" class=\"alignnone size-full lazyload\" \/><\/noscript><\/center><\/p>\n<p>\u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f97\u5230\uff1a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\displaystyle\\color{blue}{\\oint_S \\vec{E}\\cdot d\\vec{S} = \\frac{q_{enc}}{\\epsilon_0}}<\/span>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f<strong>\u7535\u573a\u7684\u9ad8\u65af\u5b9a\u5f8b\u7684\u79ef\u5206\u5f62\u5f0f<\/strong>\uff0c\u5b83\u8868\u660e\u4e86\u901a\u8fc7\u95ed\u5408\u66f2\u9762\u7684\u7535\u901a\u91cf\u4e0e\u6240\u5305\u56f4\u7535\u8377\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6b63\u6bd4\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u6b64\u4ee5\u201c\u79ef\u5206\u5f62\u5f0f\u201d\u5448\u73b0\uff0c\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5f3a\u8c03\u5b83\u8fd8\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5fae\u5206\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u8be5\u5f62\u5f0f\u662f\u5728\u5411\u91cf\u5206\u6790\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5e94\u7528\u9ad8\u65af\u6563\u5ea6\u5b9a\u7406\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<div style=\"background-color: #c0ffc0; padding: 20px;\">\n<h4>\u9ad8\u65af\u6563\u5ea6\u5b9a\u7406<\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=b96XremJiKQ&amp;t=1007s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u5982\u679c <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\vec{F}<\/span><\/span> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u5fae\u7684\u5411\u91cf\u573a<\/span><\/strong><\/a>\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">S<\/span> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u56f4\u4f53\u79ef <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">V<\/span> \u7684\u95ed\u5408\u66f2\u9762\uff0c\u5219\u6709<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\displaystyle \\oint_S\\vec{F}\\cdot d\\vec{S} = \\int_V (\\vec{\\nabla}\\cdot \\vec{F})dV<\/span>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=b96XremJiKQ&amp;t=1055s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u5c06\u6563\u5ea6\u5b9a\u7406\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e<\/span><\/strong><\/a> \u7535\u573a\u901a\u8fc7\u95ed\u5408\u66f2\u9762 <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">S<\/span> \u7684\u901a\u91cf\uff0c\u53ef\u5f97<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\displaystyle \\oint_S\\vec{E}\\cdot d\\vec{S} = \\int_V (\\vec{\\nabla}\\cdot\\vec{E})dV = \\frac{q_{enc}}{\\epsilon_0}<\/span>\n<p>\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\displaystyle \\frac{q_{enc}}{\\epsilon_0} = \\int_V \\frac{\\rho}{\\epsilon_0} dV<\/span>\n<p>\u7531\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e24\u5f0f\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5f97\u5230<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\displaystyle \\color{blue}{\\vec{\\nabla}\\cdot\\vec{E} = \\frac{\\rho}{\\epsilon_0}}<\/span>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f<strong>\u7535\u573a\u7684\u9ad8\u65af\u5b9a\u5f8b\u7684\u5fae\u5206\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u9ad8\u65af\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5229\u7528\u67d0\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\u7684\u51e0\u4f55\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7b80\u5316\u901a\u5411\u7535\u573a\u7684\u79ef\u5206\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"6\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>\u5177\u6709\u7403\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u7684\u9898\u76ee<\/h2>\n<p><center><iframe class=\"lazyload\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/04itEuVNDN4\" title=\"YouTube video player\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/center><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u6c42\u8ddd\u79bb\u534a\u5f84\u4e3a <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">R<\/span>\u3001\u5177\u6709\u5747\u5300\u9762\u7535\u8377\u5bc6\u5ea6 <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\sigma<\/span> \u7684\u7403\u5f62\u8868\u9762\u4e2d\u5fc3 <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">z<\/span> \u5904\u7684\u7535\u573a\u3002\u5206\u6790\u4e24\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a\u5f53 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">z\\lt R<\/span><\/span> \u65f6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f53 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">z\\geq R<\/span><\/span> \u65f6\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5bf9\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec3\u4e60\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4f46\u73b0\u5728\u8003\u8651\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u5747\u5300\u4f53\u7535\u8377\u5bc6\u5ea6 <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\rho<\/span> \u7684\u5b9e\u5fc3\u5e26\u7535\u7403\u4f53\u3002\u968f\u540e\u7ed8\u5236 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\|\\vec{E}\\|<\/span><\/span> \u968f <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">z<\/span> \u53d8\u5316\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5047\u8bbe\u5728\u8ddd\u79bb\u5750\u6807\u539f\u70b9 <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">r<\/span> \u5904\u7684\u7535\u573a\u4e3a <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\vec{E}=kr^2\\hat{r}<\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">k<\/span> \u4e3a\u5e38\u6570\u3002\u6c42\u4e0e\u8be5\u7535\u573a\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u7535\u8377\u5bc6\u5ea6 <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\rho<\/span>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><a name=\"7\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>\u66f4\u591a\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027<\/h3>\n<p><center><iframe class=\"lazyload\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/6eMaax9orAo\" title=\"YouTube video player\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/center><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=6eMaax9orAo&amp;t=122s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u9ad8\u65af\u5b9a\u5f8b\u59cb\u7ec8\u662f\u6210\u7acb\u7684<\/span><\/strong><\/a>\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u975e\u5728\u6240\u6709\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u5b9e\u7528\u6027\u3002\u5728\u524d\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\rho<\/span> \u4e0d\u662f\u5747\u5300\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7403\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5982\u679c\u4e3a\u9ad8\u65af\u66f2\u9762\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u5f62\u72b6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7535\u901a\u91cf\u4f9d\u7136\u7b49\u4e8e <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">q_{enc}\/\\epsilon_0<\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u4f46\u7535\u573a\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u5e38\u91cf\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e0e\u9762\u79ef\u5143 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">d\\vec{S}<\/span><\/span> \u65b9\u5411\u4e00\u81f4\uff1b\u5728\u7f3a\u4e4f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u5c06 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\|\\vec{E}\\|<\/span><\/span> \u4ece\u79ef\u5206\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5229\u7528\u9ad8\u65af\u5b9a\u5f8b\u89e3\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u8d77\u7740\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u7684\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u7c7b\u578b\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u3002\u5728\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u79cd\u6700\u4e3a\u5e38\u89c1\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u7403\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\uff1a<\/strong> \u9ad8\u65af\u66f2\u9762\u4e3a\u540c\u5fc3\u7403\u9762\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u67f1\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\uff1a<\/strong> \u9ad8\u65af\u66f2\u9762\u4e3a\u540c\u8f74\u5706\u67f1\u9762\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5e73\u9762\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\uff1a<\/strong> \u9ad8\u65af\u66f2\u9762\u4e3a\u77e9\u5f62\u76d2\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><a name=\"8\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>\u5177\u6709\u67f1\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u548c\u5e73\u9762\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u7684\u9898\u76ee<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=6eMaax9orAo&amp;t=630s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u8003\u8651\u4e00\u6839\u5706\u67f1\u5f62\u5bfc\u7ebf<\/span><\/strong><\/a>\uff0c\u5176\u957f\u5ea6\u65e0\u9650\u3001\u7b14\u76f4\uff0c\u534a\u5f84\u4e3a <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">R<\/span>\uff0c\u5e76\u5e26\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u7535\u8377\u5bc6\u5ea6 <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\rho<\/span>\uff1a\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\rho(r) = \\left\\{\\begin{array}{lll}\n\nkr &amp; ; &amp; r\\lt R \\\\ \\\\\n\n0 &amp; ; &amp; R\\lt r \\\\ \\\\\n\n\\end{array}\\right.<\/span>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">k<\/span> \u4e3a\u5e38\u6570\u3002\u8ba1\u7b97\u5706\u67f1\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u7535\u573a\u3002<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=6eMaax9orAo&amp;t=1895s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u6c42\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e0\u9650\u5e73\u9762\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u7535\u573a<\/span><\/strong><\/a>\uff0c\u8be5\u5e73\u9762\u5177\u6709\u5747\u5300\u7684\u9762\u7535\u8377\u5bc6\u5ea6 <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\sigma<\/span>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u7535\u901a\u91cf\u4e0e\u9ad8\u65af\u5b9a\u5f8b \u5728\u9759\u7535\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f53\u7535\u8377\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u51e0\u4f55\u5f62\u72b6\u5e76\u4e0d\u7b80\u5355\u65f6\uff0c\u4ece\u201c\u96f6\u5f00\u59cb\u201d\u8ba1\u7b97\u7535\u573a\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u4ee3\u4ef7\u9ad8\u6602\u3002\u7535\u901a\u91cf\u4e0e\u9ad8\u65af\u5b9a\u5f8b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u6761\u66f4\u4e3a\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u9014\u5f84\uff1a\u4e0e\u5176\u7ea0\u7f20\u4e8e\u65e0\u4f11\u6b62\u7684\u79ef\u5206\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u9002\u7684\u95ed\u5408\u66f2\u9762\uff0c\u5e76\u5229\u7528\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u6765\u83b7\u5f97\u7b80\u6d01\u4e14\u53ef\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6b65\u9aa4\u66f4\u5c11\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u66f4\u5c11\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5bf9\u6240\u505a\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u638c\u63a7\u66f4\u5f3a\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u4ece\u201c\u6211\u77e5\u9053\u64cd\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\u201d\u8fdb\u9636\u5230\u201c\u6211\u7406\u89e3\u65b9\u6cd5\u672c\u8eab\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u4f60\u5c06\u770b\u5230\u9ad8\u65af\u5982\u4f55\u628a\u770b\u4f3c\u7e41\u91cd\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u89e3\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u771f\u6b63\u503c\u5f97\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e00\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002 \u5b66\u4e60\u76ee\u6807 \u89e3\u91ca \u9ad8\u65af\u5b9a\u5f8b\u5728\u7535\u573a\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u673a\u5236\u3002 \u8fd0\u7528 \u9ad8\u65af\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u7b1b\u5361\u5c14\u5750\u6807\u3001\u67f1\u5750\u6807\u4e0e\u7403\u5750\u6807\u4e2d\u7684\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u7535\u573a\u3002 \u5173\u8054 \u79ef\u5206\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0e\u5fae\u5206\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6563\u5ea6\u5b9a\u7406\u8bc6\u522b\u5404\u4e2a\u9879\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u7269\u7406\u610f\u4e49\u3002 \u5bf9\u6bd4 \u9ad8\u65af\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0e\u901a\u8fc7\u5e93\u4ed1\u79ef\u5206\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u5176\u5728\u4f55\u65f6\u80fd\u591f\u964d\u4f4e\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u4f55\u65f6\u65e0\u6cd5\u7ed9\u51fa\u5c01\u95ed\u89e3\u3002 \u5185\u5bb9\u7d22\u5f15: \u9759\u7535\u5b66\u7684\u6c42\u89e3\u65b9\u6cd5 \u7535\u573a\u7ebf \u5173\u4e8e\u7535\u573a\u7ebf\u5bc6\u5ea6\u53ca\u5176\u8868\u793a\u7684\u8bf4\u660e \u7535\u573a\u901a\u91cf \u9ad8\u65af\u5b9a\u5f8b \u5177\u6709\u7403\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u7684\u9898\u76ee \u66f4\u591a\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027 \u5177\u6709\u67f1\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u548c\u5e73\u9762\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u7684\u9898\u76ee \u9759\u7535\u5b66\u7684\u6c42\u89e3 \u6839\u636e\u76ee\u524d\u6240\u56de\u987e\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u4e86\u89e3\u7535\u573a\u5fae\u5143\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u603b\u7535\u573a\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f53\u79ef\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48 \u5176\u4e2d \u662f\u4f53\u7535\u8377\u5bc6\u5ea6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u8868\u9762\u7535\u8377\u5bc6\u5ea6\u6216\u7ebf\u7535\u8377\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff0c\u5219\u5206\u522b\u7528 \u6216 \u66ff\u6362 \u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u6c42\u5f97\u7535\u573a\u7684\u5173\u952e\uff0c\u5728\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u6c42\u89e3\u8be5\u79ef\u5206\u3002 \u5c3d\u7ba1\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\u901a\u5e38\u8f83\u4e3a\u76f4\u63a5\uff0c\u4f46\u8fdf\u65e9\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5bf9\u8be5\u79ef\u5206\u7684\u6c42\u503c\u5e76\u975e\u603b\u662f\u5bb9\u6613\u7684\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u9759\u7535\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5f88\u5927\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u53d1\u5c55\u5404\u79cd\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u5730\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fc7\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\u7684\u79ef\u5206\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7b80\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u6e90\u81ea\u5411\u91cf\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u6563\u5ea6\u7684\u8fd0\u7528\u3002 \u7535\u573a\u7ebf \u5728\u5f15\u5165\u5411\u91cf\u5206\u6790\u5230\u9759\u7535\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4f7f\u8be5\u4e3b\u9898\u66f4\u52a0\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\u6307\u7684\u662f\u7535\u573a\u7ebf\u3002 \u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u5f00\u59cb\uff1a\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5750\u6807\u539f\u70b9\u7684\u4e00\u70b9\u7535\u8377\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u7535\u573a\uff0c\u5176\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3a \u8fd9\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u5c06\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u7535\u573a\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\u4e00\u7ec4\u201c\u7bad\u5934\u201d\uff0c\u5176\u65b9\u5411\u548c\u5927\u5c0f\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u7535\u573a\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u70b9\u5904\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u4e0e\u5f3a\u5ea6\u3002 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