{"id":31103,"date":"2025-01-05T13:00:39","date_gmt":"2025-01-05T13:00:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/toposuranos.com\/material\/?p=31103"},"modified":"2025-01-06T04:58:28","modified_gmt":"2025-01-06T04:58:28","slug":"%d9%85%d8%a8%d8%af%d8%a3-%d8%b9%d8%af%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%ad%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%85","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/toposuranos.com\/material\/ar\/%d9%85%d8%a8%d8%af%d8%a3-%d8%b9%d8%af%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%ad%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%85\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>\np, ul, ol {\n    text-align: justify;\n}\nh1, h2, h3 {\ntext-align:center;\n}\n<\/style>\n<h1>\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><em><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635:<\/strong><br \/>\n\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 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\u064a\u0631\u063a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628:<\/strong> \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0631\u063a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629:<\/strong> \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629. \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u0645\u0630\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629. \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"2\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0624\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u062d\u062d \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062d \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631. \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0633\u0648\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">V(0) = 0<\/span><\/span> \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 1. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631. \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627:<\/li>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\">\n       <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\forall V \\left[\\left(V(0) = 0\\right) \\rightarrow \\left(\\nexists t &gt; 0\\right) \\left(P(V(t) &gt; 0) = 1\\right)\\right]<\/span><\/span>\n    <\/p>\n<li>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0642\u0642\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 (<span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">V(1) &gt; 0<\/span><\/span>) \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0624\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 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\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<h5>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a<\/h5>\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 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\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<h5>\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629<\/h5>\n<p>\u0633\u064a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"3\"><\/a> <\/p>\n<h2>\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0624\u0629. \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646:<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c A \u0641\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u0648B \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a (GBP) \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a (USD):<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631 A \u0641\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0633\u0639\u0631 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">d_A = 1,62\\,\\text{USD\/GBP}<\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631 B \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0633\u0639\u0631 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">d_B = 1,60\\,\\text{USD\/GBP}<\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u0643\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">t = 0<\/span><\/span> \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">V(0) = 0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0646\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0636 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">1.600\\,\\text{USD}<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">1.000 \\, \\text{GBP}<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631 B \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">d_B = 1,6\\,\\text{USD\/GBP}<\/span><\/span>\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646:<br \/>\n    <\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">1.000\\,\\text{GBP} \\cdot d_B = 1.000 \\text{GBP} \\cdot 1,6\\,\\dfrac{\\text{USD}}{\\text{GBP}}= 1.600\\,\\text{USD}<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">1.000\\,\\text{GBP}<\/span><\/span> \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631 A \u0641\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">1.620\\,\\text{USD}<\/span><\/span> \u0644\u0623\u0646:<br \/>\n    <\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">1.000\\,\\text{GBP} \\cdot d_A = 1.000\\,\\text{GBP} \\cdot 1,62\\,\\dfrac{\\text{USD}}{\\text{GBP}} = 1.620\\,\\text{USD}  <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0646\u0633\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0636\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">1.600\\,\\text{USD}<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0646\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">20\\,\\text{USD}<\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0638\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">V(0)=0<\/span><\/span>\u060c \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">V(1) = 20\\,\\text{USD}<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 1\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0643 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636: \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0633\u0628 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">20 \\, \\text{USD}<\/span><\/span> \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">1.600 \\, \\text{USD}<\/span><\/span>\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u061f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0636\u062a <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">160.000 \\, \\text{USD}<\/span><\/span>\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0633\u0628 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">2.000 \\, \\text{USD}<\/span><\/span>. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0623\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631 B \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631 A. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0633\u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0645. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0648\u0627 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0641\u0633\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631\u061b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u060c \u0641\u0633\u064a\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0624\u0629 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c A \u0641\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u0648B \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a (GBP) \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a (USD):<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631 A \u0641\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">d_A = 1,58\\,\\text{USD\/GBP}<\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631 B \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u0639\u0631 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">d_B = 1,60\\,\\text{USD\/GBP}<\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0646\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647 4\u066a.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 6\u066a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u0643\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">t = 0<\/span><\/span> \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">V(0) = 0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0646\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0636 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">10.000\\,\\text{USD}<\/span><\/span>. \u0646\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631 B <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">d_B = 1,60\\,\\text{USD\/GBP}<\/span><\/span>\u060c \u0644\u0646\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649:<\/li>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">10.000\\,\\text{USD} \\div 1,60\\,\\dfrac{\\text{USD}}{\\text{GBP}} = 6.250\\,\\text{GBP}<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<li>\u0646\u0648\u062f\u0639 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">6.250\\,\\text{GBP}<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 6\u066a. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a:<\/li>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">6.250\\,\\text{GBP} \\cdot (1 + 0,06) = 6.625\\,\\text{GBP}<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<li>\u0646\u062d\u0648\u0644 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">6.625\\,\\text{GBP}<\/span><\/span> \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631 A <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">d_A = 1,58\\,\\text{USD\/GBP}<\/span><\/span>\u060c \u0644\u0646\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649:<\/li>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">6.625\\,\\text{GBP} \\cdot 1,58\\,\\dfrac{\\text{USD}}{\\text{GBP}} = 10.467,50\\,\\text{USD}<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<li>\u0646\u0633\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">10.000\\,\\text{USD}<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 4\u066a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649:<\/li>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">10.000\\,\\text{USD} \\cdot (1 + 0,04) = 10.400\\,\\text{USD}<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<li>\u0646\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0643\u0631\u0628\u062d \u0635\u0627\u0641\u064d:<\/li>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">10.467,50\\,\\text{USD} - 10.400\\,\\text{USD} = 67,50\\,\\text{USD}<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">V(0) = 0<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">V(1) = 67,50\\,\\text{USD}<\/span><\/span>\u060c \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">d_A = 1,58\\,\\text{USD\/GBP}<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 1. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">V(1) &gt; 0<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">d_A<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0631\u0628\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">d_A &gt; \\frac{10.400}{6.625} \\approx 1,57\\,\\text{USD\/GBP}<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0643\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0631\u0628\u062d\u064b\u0627 (<span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">V(1) &gt; 0<\/span><\/span>)\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">1,57\\,\\text{USD\/GBP}<\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"4\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/h2>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u060c \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0646\u0645\u0630\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0644\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\displaystyle P(V(1) &gt; 0) = \\int_{d_{\\text{m\u00edn}}}^{\\infty} P(d_A) \\, \\text{d}d_A<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0639\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\displaystyle E(V(1)) = \\int_{-\\infty}^{\\infty} V(1) \\cdot P(V(1)) \\, \\text{d}V(1)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0641 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"5\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629: \u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/h2>\n<p>\u0641\u064a 19 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2002\u060c \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c A \u0641\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u0648B \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0648 (EUR)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a (GBP)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a (USD):<\/p>\n<table border=\"1\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631 A<\/th>\n<th>\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/th>\n<th>\u0628\u064a\u0639<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tr>\n<td><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">1,000\\,\\text{EUR}<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">1,0202\\,\\text{USD}<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">1,0284\\,\\text{USD}<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">1,000\\,\\text{GBP}<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">1,5718\\,\\text{USD}<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">1,5844\\,\\text{USD}<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<table border=\"1\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631 B<\/th>\n<th>\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/th>\n<th>\u0628\u064a\u0639<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tr>\n<td><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">1,000\\,\\text{EUR}<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">0,6324\\,\\text{GBP}<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">0,6401\\,\\text{GBP}<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">1,000\\,\\text{USD}<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">0,6299\\,\\text{GBP}<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">0,6375\\,\\text{GBP}<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0628\u062d \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 A \u0648B. \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0635\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u062d.<\/p>\n<p><center><iframe class=\"lazyload\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/dO5kHGA3sgI?si=Qu_BCgq0Jx2h93fe\" title=\"\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 YouTube\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/center><\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644<\/h3>\n<p>\u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629. \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631 A:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\u20ac\\,1<\/span><\/span>\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0643 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\$\\,1,0202<\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<li>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0631\u064a\u062f <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\u20ac\\,1<\/span><\/span>\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0647 \u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\$\\,1.0284<\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\begin{array}{rl}\n\n\\text{\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631:} &amp; {x_A}^{\\$} = {\\left[{\\tau_{A}}\\right]_{\u20ac}}^{\\$}x^{\u20ac}\\\\ \\\\\n\n\\text{\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u064a\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631:} &amp; {x_A}^{\u20ac} = {\\left[{\\tau_{A}}\\right]_{\\$}}^{\u20ac}x^{\\$}\n\n\\end{array}<\/span>\n<p>\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">x^{\\$}<\/span><\/span> \u0648 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">x^{\u20ac}<\/span><\/span> \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u060c <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">{x_A}^{\\$}<\/span><\/span> \u0648 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">{x_A}^{\u20ac}<\/span><\/span> \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631 A \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">{\\left[{\\tau_{A}}\\right]_{\u20ac}}^{\\$}= \\$\\,1,0202\/\u20ac<\/span><\/span> \u0648 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">{\\left[{\\tau_{A}}\\right]_{\\$}}^{\u20ac}=\u20ac\/\\$\\,1,0284<\/span><\/span> \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629:<\/p>\n<table border=\"1\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/th>\n<th>\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/th>\n<th>\u0628\u064a\u0639<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631 A (EUR\/USD)<\/th>\n<td><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">{x_A}^{\\$} = {\\left[{\\tau_{A}}\\right]_{\u20ac}}^{\\$}x^{\u20ac}<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">{x_A}^{\u20ac} = {\\left[{\\tau_{A}}\\right]_{\\$}}^{\u20ac}x^{\\$}<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631 A (GBP\/USD)<\/th>\n<td><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">{x_A}^{\\$} = {\\left[{\\tau_{A}}\\right]_{\u00a3}}^{\\$}x^{\u00a3}<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">{x_A}^{\u00a3} = {\\left[{\\tau_{A}}\\right]_{\\$}}^{\u00a3}x^{\\$}<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631 B (EUR\/GBP)<\/th>\n<td><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">{x_B}^{\u00a3} = {\\left[{\\tau_{B}}\\right]_{\u20ac}}^{\u00a3}x^{\u20ac}<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">{x_B}^{\u20ac} = {\\left[{\\tau_{B}}\\right]_{\u00a3}}^{\u20ac}x^{\u00a3}<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631 B (USD\/GBP)<\/th>\n<td><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">{x_B}^{\u00a3} = {\\left[{\\tau_{B}}\\right]_{\\$}}^{\u00a3}x^{\\$}<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">{x_B}^{\\$} = {\\left[{\\tau_{B}}\\right]_{\u00a3}}^{\\$}x^{\u00a3}<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<table border=\"1\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644<\/th>\n<th>\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/th>\n<th>\u0628\u064a\u0639<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631 A (EUR\/USD)<\/th>\n<td><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">{\\left[{\\tau_{A}}\\right]_{\u20ac}}^{\\$} = \\dfrac{\\$\\,1,0202}{\u20ac\\,1} <\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">{\\left[{\\tau_{A}}\\right]_{\\$}}^{\u20ac} = \\dfrac{\u20ac\\,1}{\\$\\,1,0284} <\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631 A (GBP\/USD)<\/th>\n<td><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">{\\left[{\\tau_{A}}\\right]_{\u00a3}}^{\\$} = \\dfrac{\\$\\,1,5718}{\u00a3\\,1} <\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">{\\left[{\\tau_{A}}\\right]_{\\$}}^{\u00a3} = \\dfrac{\u00a3\\,1}{\\$\\,1,5844} <\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631 B (EUR\/GBP)<\/th>\n<td><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">{\\left[{\\tau_{B}}\\right]_{\u20ac}}^{\u00a3} = \\dfrac{\u00a3\\,0,6324}{\u20ac\\,1} <\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">{\\left[{\\tau_{B}}\\right]_{\u00a3}}^{\u20ac} = \\dfrac{\u20ac\\,1}{\u00a3\\,0,6401} <\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631 B (USD\/GBP)<\/th>\n<td><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">{\\left[{\\tau_{B}}\\right]_{\\$}}^{\u00a3} = \\dfrac{\u00a3\\,0,6299}{\\$\\,1} <\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">{\\left[{\\tau_{B}}\\right]_{\u00a3}}^{\\$} = \\dfrac{\\$\\,1}{\u00a3\\,0,6375} <\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<h4>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0637\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0643\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">x^{\\$}<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631 B\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">{x_B}^{\u00a3} = {\\left[{\\tau_{B}}\\right]_{\\$}}^{\u00a3}x^{\\$}<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0630\u0647\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631 A\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">{x_A}^{\\$} = {\\left[{\\tau_{A}}\\right]_{\u00a3}}^{\\$}{x_B}^{\u00a3} = {\\left[{\\tau_{A}}\\right]_{\u00a3}}^{\\$}{\\left[{\\tau_{B}}\\right]_{\\$}}^{\u00a3}x^{\\$}<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\begin{array}{rl}\n\n{\\Delta_{AB}}(x^{\\$}) &amp;= {\\left[{\\tau_{A}}\\right]_{\u00a3}}^{\\$}{\\left[{\\tau_{B}}\\right]_{\\$}}^{\u00a3}x^{\\$} - x^{\\$} \\\\ \\\\\n\n&amp;= \\left( {\\left[{\\tau_{A}}\\right]_{\u00a3}}^{\\$}{\\left[{\\tau_{B}}\\right]_{\\$}}^{\u00a3} - 1 \\right)x^{\\$} \\approx -0,00992 x^{\\$}\n\n\\end{array}<\/span>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631. \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0625\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0625\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 1. \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u062d\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u0646 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\"> {[\\tau_B]_{\\$}}^{\u00a3} {[\\tau_A]_{\u20ac}}^{\\$} {[\\tau_B]_{\u00a3}}^{\u20ac} = \\dfrac{1}{0,6401} \\cdot 1,0202 \\cdot 0,6299 \\approx 1,00394<\/span><\/span>. \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0631\u0628\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">{\\Delta_{BAB}}(x^{\u00a3}) = \\left({[\\tau_B]_{\\$}}^{\u00a3} {[\\tau_A]_{\u20ac}}^{\\$} {[\\tau_B]_{\u00a3}}^{\u20ac}-1 \\right)x^{\u00a3} \\approx 0,003943 x^{\u00a3} <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a: \u0627\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631 B \u0628\u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">x^{\u00a3}<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0648\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631 A \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0639\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631 B \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\u00a3\\,10.000<\/span><\/span>\u060c \u0641\u0633\u0646\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0628\u062d \u0635\u0627\u0641\u064d \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">{\\Delta_{BAB}}(\u00a3\\,10.000) \\approx 0,003943 \\cdot  \u00a3\\,10.000 =  \u00a3\\,39,43<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635: \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0646\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629. \u0633\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645: \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":30046,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"iawp_total_views":9,"footnotes":""},"categories":[755,909],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-31103","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-755","category-909"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 - toposuranos.com\/material<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645: \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c 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