{"id":30605,"date":"2021-04-07T13:00:38","date_gmt":"2021-04-07T13:00:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/toposuranos.com\/material\/?p=30605"},"modified":"2024-12-30T19:55:56","modified_gmt":"2024-12-30T19:55:56","slug":"%d0%b8%d0%bd%d1%82%d1%83%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b8%d0%b2%d0%bd%d0%be%d0%b5-%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%b4%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%b2%d0%bb%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b8%d0%b5-%d0%be-%d1%82%d0%b5%d0%bf%d0%bb%d0%b5-%d0%b8-%d1%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/toposuranos.com\/material\/ru\/%d0%b8%d0%bd%d1%82%d1%83%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b8%d0%b2%d0%bd%d0%be%d0%b5-%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%b4%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%b2%d0%bb%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b8%d0%b5-%d0%be-%d1%82%d0%b5%d0%bf%d0%bb%d0%b5-%d0%b8-%d1%82\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0418\u043d\u0442\u0443\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0435 \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>\n\tp, ul, ol {\n\t\ttext-align: justify;\n\t}\n\th1, h2 {\n\t\ttext-align: center;\n\t}\n<\/style>\n<h1>\u0418\u043d\u0442\u0443\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0435 \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><em>\u0422\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0444\u0435, \u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434 \u043b\u044c\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u044b\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435\u043c: \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e \u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u0441 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\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0435 \u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0441\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u044c.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u0426\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f:<\/strong><br \/>\n\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442:\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u041f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c<\/strong> \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u00ab\u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0430\u00bb.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0418\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/strong> \u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u043a \u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0410\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/strong> \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d \u0432 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\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0445.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><u>\u0421\u041e\u0414\u0415\u0420\u0416\u0410\u041d\u0418\u0415:<\/u><\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"#1\"><strong>\u042d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b, \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0430<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"#1\">\u042d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0441 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#2\">\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0442 \u0441 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u043e\u043c<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#3\"><strong>\u0422\u0435\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0430<\/strong><\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#4\">\u0412 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u00ab\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u00bb \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0430<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#5\">\u0412 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0430<\/a>\n<\/p>\n<p><center><br \/>\n<iframe class=\"lazyload\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/5eH0BxL9Phc\" title=\"YouTube video player\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/center><\/p>\n<p>\u0414\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f <a href=\"http:\/\/toposuranos.com\/material\/category\/ciencias\/fisica\/termodinamica\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e<\/a> \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043a \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0443\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044e, \u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u043a \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e. \u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043c\u044b \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u043c \u0447\u0430\u0448\u043a\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0444\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u043c\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u0441\u044f \u0443\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043c, \u043c\u044b \u043e\u0449\u0443\u0449\u0430\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0435\u0447\u0442\u043e, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c. \u041d\u043e \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0449\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435? \u041e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u043e\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043a \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b, \u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445.<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"1\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>\u042d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b, \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0430<\/h2>\n<p><a name=\"2\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>\u042d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0441 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=5eH0BxL9Phc&amp;t=126s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>\u0412\u043e\u0437\u044c\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0440\u0430: \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0441 \u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0439, \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0435 \u0441 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0447\u0435\u0439<\/strong><\/a>, \u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0440. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u0432 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0440\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0436\u0443\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443, \u0442\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0439. \u041e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u0443 \u0432 \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0440\u043e \u0441 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0447\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0439, \u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0443\u044e \u2014 \u0432 \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0440\u043e \u0441 \u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439. \u041f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434, \u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0435 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0440\u043e \u0441 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0439. \u0420\u0443\u043a\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0447\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0435, \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434, \u0430 \u0442\u0430, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0435, \u2014 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/-pNGnAqtyOZU\/YGu2cEBoAxI\/AAAAAAAAE1g\/rtSbk5OVTPwc1ZgNb-aYiv_AFuH9aHi9wCLcBGAsYHQ\/s0\/tresbaldes.PNG\" alt=\"\u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435, \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0441 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438\" class=\"aligncenter lazyload\" width=\"347\" height=\"299\" \/><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/-pNGnAqtyOZU\/YGu2cEBoAxI\/AAAAAAAAE1g\/rtSbk5OVTPwc1ZgNb-aYiv_AFuH9aHi9wCLcBGAsYHQ\/s0\/tresbaldes.PNG\" alt=\"\u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435, \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0441 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438\" class=\"aligncenter lazyload\" width=\"347\" height=\"299\" \/><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442? \u0422\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0436\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b, \u043d\u043e \u0438 \u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440 (\u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439). \u041c\u044b \u043e\u0449\u0443\u0449\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e \u043e\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0439, \u0430 \u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434 \u2014 \u043e\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0439.<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"3\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0442 \u0441 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u043e\u043c<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=5eH0BxL9Phc&amp;t=263s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>\u042d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441 \u043d\u0435\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043c \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c:<\/strong><\/a> \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u043b\u043e\u0436\u043a\u0443 \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u044f\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043b\u043e\u0436\u043a\u0443 \u0432 \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0440\u043e \u0441 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0447\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442, \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0432\u044b\u043d\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u0445 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c. \u0412\u044b \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043b\u043e\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0447\u0435\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u044f\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439. \u041f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443? \u041e\u0431\u0435 \u043b\u043e\u0436\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0442 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443, \u043d\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u043e \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u043d \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u00ab\u0433\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0447\u0435\u0435\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"4\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>\u0422\u0435\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0430<\/h2>\n<p>\u0412 \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u043a\u0435, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043c\u044b \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043c \u043e \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0435, \u043c\u044b \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u043c \u0432 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0443 <strong>\u00ab\u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u044e \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0430\u00bb<\/strong>. \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e, \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u0441\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0443\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u00ab\u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u044f\u00bb, \u043d\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043c\u044b \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c. \u0421\u0435\u0439\u0447\u0430\u0441 \u043c\u044b \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0443\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u044e \u043a\u0430\u043a \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u044e, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435. \u0410 \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430? \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043c\u044b \u0442\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0438\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0436\u0435. \u041f\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0438, \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438:<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"5\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>\u0412 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u00ab\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u00bb \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0430<\/h3>\n<p>\u042d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e \u0441\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u043a \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0438 \u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438. <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/-2cnJfH2CmQE\/YGvMP9X4LRI\/AAAAAAAAE1w\/fD-TjYeDVU8w-LaL7tV42po4exOXMkWPgCLcBGAsYHQ\/s0\/flujo%2Bde%2Bcalor.PNG\" alt=\"\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0430\" class=\"aligncenter lazyload\" title=\"\u0422\u0435\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0430, \u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0430\" width=\"415\" height=\"175\" \/><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/-2cnJfH2CmQE\/YGvMP9X4LRI\/AAAAAAAAE1w\/fD-TjYeDVU8w-LaL7tV42po4exOXMkWPgCLcBGAsYHQ\/s0\/flujo%2Bde%2Bcalor.PNG\" alt=\"\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0430\" class=\"aligncenter lazyload\" title=\"\u0422\u0435\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0430, \u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0430\" width=\"415\" height=\"175\" \/><\/noscript>\u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e, \u0432 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u043a, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0432 \u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0445; \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e, \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0443: \u0434\u043b\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0430 \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0443. \u042d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u00ab\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0430\u00bb \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0451\u043d, \u043d\u043e \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442 \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0438.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/-BxNquv1sQOU\/YGvNR5C35lI\/AAAAAAAAE14\/oVXwk3GnrT4Ea-N4cX-WYznE9fPx-7S0wCLcBGAsYHQ\/s0\/flujo%2Bde%2Bcalor%2Bmaquina%2Bfrigorifica%2B.PNG\" alt=\"\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0430, \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044b\" class=\"aligncenter lazyload\" title=\"\u0422\u0435\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0430, \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0430\" width=\"448\" height=\"335\" \/><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/-BxNquv1sQOU\/YGvNR5C35lI\/AAAAAAAAE14\/oVXwk3GnrT4Ea-N4cX-WYznE9fPx-7S0wCLcBGAsYHQ\/s0\/flujo%2Bde%2Bcalor%2Bmaquina%2Bfrigorifica%2B.PNG\" alt=\"\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0430, \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044b\" class=\"aligncenter lazyload\" title=\"\u0422\u0435\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0430, \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0430\" width=\"448\" height=\"335\" \/><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p><a name=\"6\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>\u0412 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0430<\/h3>\n<p>\u0424\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u00ab\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0430\u00bb, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0430, \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435. \u0425\u043e\u0442\u044f \u043c\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043c \u00ab\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c\u00bb \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e \u043a \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443, \u043c\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u00ab\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u00bb, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u044b \u043c\u044b \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u044f \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0438. \u041d\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u00ab\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u00bb, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0433 \u0431\u044b \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u00ab\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0435\u00bb, \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043e\u043d\u043e \u00ab\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0430\u00bb. \u041f\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0439. \u041c\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043c \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0432 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u00ab\u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0430\u00bb \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435. \u0412\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u044b \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c, \u0438 \u0441 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0442\u043e \u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0435.<\/p>\n<h4>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440<\/h4>\n<p>\u042d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e 1[kW] \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0451\u043d \u043d\u0430 5 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442. \u041a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e?<\/p>\n<p>\u041a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">E=1[kW] \\cdot 5[min]= 1000 \\left[\\dfrac{J}{s}\\right] \\cdot 5 \\left[60 [s] \\right] = 30.000[J] <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0418\u043d\u0442\u0443\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0435 \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435 \u0422\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0444\u0435, \u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434 \u043b\u044c\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u044b\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435\u043c: \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e \u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u0441 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0439. \u041d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0443\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0435 \u043c\u044b \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0435\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0443\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0441\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b. \u042d\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0432\u0430\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0438, \u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u044b \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":30592,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"iawp_total_views":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[929,645],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30605","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-929","category-645"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u0418\u043d\u0442\u0443\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0435 \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435 - toposuranos.com\/material<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0423\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e \u0438 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