{"id":28653,"date":"2021-03-26T23:02:40","date_gmt":"2021-03-26T23:02:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/toposuranos.com\/material\/?p=28653"},"modified":"2024-12-24T03:57:29","modified_gmt":"2024-12-24T03:57:29","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%88%d9%84-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d8%aa%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%8a%d9%83%d8%a7-%d8%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/toposuranos.com\/material\/ar\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%88%d9%84-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d8%aa%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%8a%d9%83%d8%a7-%d8%a7\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 style=\"text-align:center;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><em><strong>\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635:<\/strong><br \/>\n\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645. \u064a\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0648 \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><strong>\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645<\/strong><br \/>\n\u0628\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641<\/strong> \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645<\/strong> \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641<\/strong> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0648.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><strong>\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"#1\">\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#2\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#3\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u061f<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#4\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/a>\n<\/p>\n<p><center><iframe class=\"lazyload\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/c-EpWOSSQH8\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/center><br \/>\n<a name=\"1\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0646\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649: <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=c-EpWOSSQH8&amp;t=85s\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u00ab\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0647\u00bb<\/a><\/strong>. \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0648\u00bb\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636\u00bb. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u00bb \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0628\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u062f\u062a \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u00bb\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=c-EpWOSSQH8&amp;t=292s\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u064f\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c<\/strong><\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"2\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0643\u0646&#8230; \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0640 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u00bb\u061f \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?client=firefox-b-d&amp;q=%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%AF+%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B1%D8%B6\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636<\/a> \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">(6-7)\\cdot 10^9<\/span><\/span> \u0634\u062e\u0635\u060c \u0648<a href=\"https:\/\/cincodias.elpais.com\/cincodias\/2019\/11\/02\/economia\/1572730109_708795.html\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/a> \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">23 \\cdot 10^{12}<\/span><\/span> \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0649 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0623\u064a \u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0643 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">10^{20}<\/span><\/span> \u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0639 \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=c-EpWOSSQH8&amp;t=402s\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649<\/strong><\/a> <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">2\\cdot 10^{25}<\/span><\/span> \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">N_2<\/span><\/span>. \u0644\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c <span dir=\"ltr\">3GHz<\/span>\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0644\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u0639\u062f \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644:<\/strong> \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0633\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u0639\u062f \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\nt = \\dfrac{2\\cdot 10^{25}}{3\\cdot 10^9 \\left[\\dfrac{1}{s}\\right]} \\approx 6,\\overline{6} \\cdot 10^{15} [s]\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0646\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 <span dir=\"ltr\">356<\/span> \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0645 <span dir=\"ltr\">24<\/span> \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 <span dir=\"ltr\">3600<\/span> \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 <span dir=\"ltr\">211,398,613.2<\/span> \u0633\u0646\u0629. \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 <span dir=\"ltr\">200<\/span> \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0643\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/toposuranos.com\/%D8%AD%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D8%BA%D8%B7-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%BA%D9%8A\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/strong> \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644. \u0633\u0646\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"3\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u061f<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=c-EpWOSSQH8&amp;t=760s\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621.<\/strong><\/a> \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u00ab\u062f\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0629\u00bb \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636 (1 \u062f\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0647\u064a <span dir=\"ltr\">12<\/span> \u0628\u064a\u0636\u0629). \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u064f\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629. \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a <span dir=\"ltr\">12[g]<\/span> \u0645\u0646 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">^{12}C<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u064f\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a <span dir=\"ltr\">1[g]<\/span> \u0645\u0646 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">^{1}H<\/span><\/span>\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0648 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">N_A<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\boxed{N_A = 6.022 \\cdot 10^{23}}<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">N_A = 6.022 \\cdot 10^{23} \\left[\\dfrac{1}{mol}\\right]<\/span><\/span> \u0643\u062a\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f (\u0645\u062b\u0644 [mol]).<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li><span dir=\"ltr\">1[mol]<\/span> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">6.022 \\cdot 10^{23}<\/span><\/span> \u0630\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646<\/li>\n<li><span dir=\"ltr\">1[mol]<\/span> \u0645\u0646 NaCl \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">6.022 \\cdot 10^{23}<\/span><\/span> \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 NaCl<\/li>\n<li><span dir=\"ltr\">1[mol]<\/span> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 <span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">6.022 \\cdot 10^{23}<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u064a\u0644<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><a name=\"4\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=c-EpWOSSQH8&amp;t=964s\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629.<\/strong><\/a> \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 12 \u0647\u064a <span dir=\"ltr\">12[g]<\/span>\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 18[g]. \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">H_2 O = {}^{1}H + {}^{1}H + {}^{16}O<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u064a \u0630\u0631\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0630\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 8 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u06488 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 <span dir=\"ltr\">18[g]<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=c-EpWOSSQH8&amp;t=1068s\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0647\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c<\/strong><\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/-ESRV4m1EHMI\/YGTErvT1CDI\/AAAAAAAAExQ\/d1LGTs2jqyIlJ7sUBmKED36I2Lhdzm57ACLcBGAsYHQ\/s0\/2000px-Periodic_table_large-es-updated-2018.svg.png\" alt=\"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\" class=\" aligncenter lazyload\" width=\"1148\" height=\"631\" \/><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/-ESRV4m1EHMI\/YGTErvT1CDI\/AAAAAAAAExQ\/d1LGTs2jqyIlJ7sUBmKED36I2Lhdzm57ACLcBGAsYHQ\/s0\/2000px-Periodic_table_large-es-updated-2018.svg.png\" alt=\"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\" class=\" aligncenter lazyload\" width=\"1148\" height=\"631\" \/><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0633\u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0632\u0646 <\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">2\\cdot 1,00794 + 15,9994 [g]=18,01448[g]<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645 (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0629) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0648<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\textnormal{\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645} = \\dfrac{\\textnormal{\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629}}{\\text{\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0648}}<\/span>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635: \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645. \u064a\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0648 \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a. \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":28637,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"iawp_total_views":86,"footnotes":""},"categories":[925,641],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-28653","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-925","category-641"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 - toposuranos.com\/material<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 6.022 \u00d7 10^23 \u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c 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